Dinar and Dirham in Indonesia

The Gold Dinar remained the official Islamic currency until the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1924, when it disappeared for 77 years. Indonesia as a country with highest muslim population in the world must have a big history about Islam economic. And it’s actually right. Islamic currency had ever been exist in Indonesia. Samudera Pasai used Dinar with 70% gold, and Keueh made from tin (1 Dinar = 1600 Keuehs).

            Samudera Pasai published first Dinar as Sultan Muhammad held the power (1297-1326). In the period of Sultan Ahmad Malik az-Zahir, Dinar was better known as Derham Mas, published in 2 form, Derham and half Derham (1346-1383). Then when Aceh conquered Samudera Pasai (1524), tradition of publishing Derham Mas spread out to entire Sumatera and Malaka Peninsula, even Derham was still applied till Nippon army got landed in Seulilmeum, Aceh Besar, on 1942. Today, the use of gold unit (1 gold = 2.5 gr) can still be found in West Sumatera, as a measurement of trading, especially for land trading

Rising Oil Price a Boon for the US Economy

According to the investors, the high-ceilinged oil price has come up with positive news for the U.S. economy. The price rose because of the fact that the private sector added almost 111,000 jobs in October 2011. The Automatic Data Processing reported that the service industries got plenty of benefits.

            As a result of soaring oil prices, Benchmark crude rose by 32 cents to end the day at $92.51 per barrel in New York, while Brent crude lost 20 cents to finish at $109.34 a barrel in London. Last year the Fed decision supported the prices of oil as well drained $600 billion into a bond-buying program. Hence, such things influenced the currency and commodity markets. As a result of alteration in oil price, Benchmark crude mounted 20% higher in 2010.

            T he prices on U.S. oil and gasoline climbed up in the last week in October 2011 because of less demand for oil. Another point to note down here is that the demand for distillate supplies that include diesel and heating oil dropped enormously. However, the demand for distillate supplies, especially in foreign countries resulted to increase in export.

            The retail price on diesel has increased 80.1 cents higher per gallon, According to, Wright Express and Oil Price Information Service, gasoline prices fell less than a penny to a national average of $3.432 per gallon. The price of gasoline is soaring at $4 per gallon. However, a gallon of regular oil is available at reasonable rate.

            According to the energy trading, the heating oil lost 3.72 cents to end at $3.0007 per gallon. Gasoline futures finished at $2.6272 per gallon. Natural gas lost 3.2 cents to end at $3.749 per 1,000 cubic feet.

sumber : http://www.artikelberbahasainggris.com/category/ekonomi

Komputer Benefits of Contact Management Software

Real estate management software can be described as technology that acts as a sort of virtual assistant to property managers. It acts as a link between real estate agents and their potential clients, by allowing you to capture all your buyers’ information and tie them all to relevant customer related functions.

            Real estate management software helps a property agent to create and identify a number of processes that pin-point and describe valuable clients. There are various kinds of real estate handling software on the market, one such example of this technology being contact management software.

            Through contact computer programs, lead companies are able to come up with and implement appropriate programs for clients as well as assist in the marketing of clients’ products and services. CRM computer programs also give access to a client’s latest data. As such, this technology can be used to track all the interaction of the accounts such as customer details, money transformations, employee salaries, etc. as well as to create reports, reviews and statistical analyses of your financial performance. If you are a sales representative or are always on the move, then this particular aspect of technological program or tool is sure to benefit you a lot

            The best contact management software is that with inbuilt account handling program that makes it much easier for employees to provide accurate and efficient services to your customers. The program should also make it easier for the administration to be able to coordinate, monitor as well as regulate the activities of the employees effectively.

sumber http://www.artikelberbahasainggris.com/category/ekonomi

Tugas bahasa inggris ringkasan Pendeteksian Kecurangan (Fraud) Laporan Keuangan oleh Auditor Eksternal

            Permasalahan-permasalahan dalam pendeteksian kecurangan adalah sebagai berikut:

1)      Pertimbangan atas kecurangan dalam pelaporan keuangan yang semakin meningkat belakangan ini timbul dari adanya upaya mempersempit kesenjangan harapan antara pengguna dengan pihak penyedia jasa pengauditan. Disamping untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat atas profesi akuntan publik dan mengurangi biaya-biaya litigasi.

2)      pendeteksian kecurangan dalam audit laporan keuangan oleh auditor perlu dilandasi dengan pemahaman atas sifat, frekuensi dan kemampuan pendeteksian  oleh auditor. Sifat terjadinya kecurangan yang melibatkan penyembunyian dan frekuensinya

jarang dihadapi auditor, seharusnya tidak membuat auditor berpuas diri dengan pengauditan yang ada sekarang. Permasalahan bahwa terdapat keterbatasan auditor dalam pelaksanaan pendeteksian kecurangan merupakan tantangan yang perlu dihadapi pihak profesi dan akademisi.

3)      sejauh ini standar pengauditan mengenai pendeteksian kecurangan telah terus-menerus diupayakan untuk memperbaiki praktek pengauditan yang berjalan. Patokan yang selalu diacu adalah efektivitas dari standar ini dalam mengarahkan keberhasilan pendeteksian kecurangan. Beberapa standar terdahulu kurang memberikan pedoman dalam memberikan arah pendeteksian kecurangan. Standar terbaru diharapkan membawa harapan baru dengan mengatasi kelemahankelemahan sebelumnya. Perlu lebih banyak risetriset empiris yang mendukung validitas atas efektivitas standar baru ini, seperti disarankan Bedard et al. (2001) dan diperlihatkan oleh riset Carpenter (2007). Khusus untuk di Indonesia, mengingat kegunaannya, ada baiknya Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia segera mengadopsi SAS No. 99 untuk menggantikan PSA No. 70 agar praktik pendeteksian kecurangan yang terbaru dapat diarahkan penerapannya.

4)       Permasalahan yang terdapat pada lingkungan pekerjaan audit bilatidak ditangani dengan baik akan berakibat buruk pada kualitas audit. Adanya tekanan kompetisi, tekanan waktu dan tekanan hubungan dengan klien demikian juga dapat berdampak pada keberhasilan pendeteksian kecurangan. Pihak KAP perlu terus-menerus menyadari masalah ini dan konsekuensinya serta menjaga agar tekanantekanan dalam lingkungan ini tidak bertambah buruk. Hal yang masih banyak dikerjakan ke masa depan adalah mencari dan memperbaiki metode dan prosedur yang paling tepat dalam melakukan pendeteksian kecurangan. Metode dan prosedurtradisional tidaklah memadai dalam usaha pendeteksian kecurangan, sehingga riset-riset mendatang perlu menjawab tantangan ini.

TUGAS 2 BAHASA INGGRIS

I.         In the following sentences supply the articles (a, an or the) if they are necessary. If no article is necessary, write Ø.

1.      Jason’s father bought him a bicycle that he had wanted for his birthday.

2.      The Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from Ø France to The United States.

3.      Rita is studying an English and Ø math this semester.

4.      The judged asked a witness to tell the truth.

5.      A big books on the table are for my history class.

6.      When you go to the store, please buy a bottle of Ø chocolate milk and Ø dozen oranges.

7.      There are only a seats left for Ø tonight’s musical at Ø University.

8.      What did you eat for Ø breakfast this morning ?.

9.      Rita plays Ø violin and her sister plays a guitar.

10.  The chair that you are sitting is broken.

II.      Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of other.

1.      This pen isn’t working. Please give me another

2.      If you’re still thirsty, I’ll make another pot of coffee.

3.      This dictionary has a page missing. Please give me another

4.      He doesn’t need those books. He needs the others

5.  There are thirty people in the room. Twenty are from Latin America and the others are from others countries.

6.      Six people are in the store. Two were buying meat. Others was looking at magazines. Others was eating a candy bar. The others were walking around looking for more food.

7.      This glass of milk is sour. Another glass of milk is sour too.

8.      The army was practicing its drills. One group was doing artillery practice. Another was marching; another was at attention; and the other was practicing combat tactics.

9.      There are seven students from Japan. Others are from Iran, and the others are from others places.

10.  We looked at cars today. The first two we far too expensive, but the other ones were reasonably priced.